{"id":142,"date":"2021-09-13T23:54:00","date_gmt":"2021-09-13T21:54:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/admin"},"modified":"2021-09-14T00:45:07","modified_gmt":"2021-09-13T22:45:07","slug":"obroncy-zwk-z-1918-r-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/sk\/obroncy-zwk-z-1918-r-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Obrancovia horskej \u017eelezni\u010dnej kri\u017eovatky z roku 1918"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Obrancovia horskej \u017eelezni\u010dnej kri\u017eovatky z roku 1918<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_306\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-306\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/3-fot.-Jurek12.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-306\" src=\"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/3-fot.-Jurek12-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"Dworzec w Nowym Zag\u00f3rzu, przed 1915, druk Verlag S.Landesmann, Zag\u00f3rz. Zbiory Artura Pa\u0142asiewicza\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-306\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u017delezni\u010dn\u00e1 stanica v Nowom Zag\u00f3rzi, pred rokom 1915, vytla\u010dil Verlag S. Landesmann, Zag\u00f3rz. Zbierka Artura Pa\u0142asiewicza<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Hist\u00f3ria dnes u\u017e bohu\u017eia\u013e v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou menom a priezviskom nezn\u00e1mych hrdinov boja za nez\u00e1vislos\u0165 Po\u013eska po rozdelen\u00ed sa za\u010dala na konci okt\u00f3bra 1918. V tom obdob\u00ed sa na \u00fazem\u00ed \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00e9ho uzla v Zag\u00f3rzi nach\u00e1dzali po\u010detn\u00e9 oddiely demobilizovan\u00fdch rak\u00fasko-uhorsk\u00fdch vojakov a rusk\u00fdch zajatcov. Aby sa zabr\u00e1nilo excesom zo strany arm\u00e1dy, ktorej mor\u00e1lka bola zna\u010dne ovplyvnen\u00e1 chaosom pohlcuj\u00facim panuj\u00face imp\u00e9ri\u00e1, horsk\u00ed \u017eelezni\u010diari vzali veci do vlastn\u00fdch r\u00fak. &#8221; (&#8230;) S vedom\u00edm a povolen\u00edm ved\u00faceho \u017eelezni\u010dnej <em>stanice v Zagorzi, p\u00e1na Rolick\u00e9ho, sme vytvorili hliadku, <\/em>ktorej \u00falohou bolo obsadi\u0165 \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00e9 zariadenia a chr\u00e1ni\u0165 majetok, ktor\u00fd mal pripadn\u00fa\u0165 po\u013esk\u00e9mu \u0161t\u00e1tu. (&#8230;)&#8221;\u00a0 \u2013 tu je \u00faryvok z memo\u00e1rov Bronis\u0142awaDziedzick\u00e9ho. Bol jedn\u00fdm z \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov \u00faspe\u0161nej oper\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e1 prevzala kontrolu nad \u017eelezni\u010dnou infra\u0161trukt\u00farou oblasti Zag\u00f3rza. Vo ve\u013emi skromn\u00fdch historick\u00fdch prame\u0148och t\u00fdkaj\u00facich sa tohto podujatia boli okrem Bronis\u0142awaDziedzick\u00e9ho spomenut\u00ed aj:\u00a0 Ludwik Marko, LeonSikorski, Milasz (nezn\u00e1me meno), Edward Lichy a \u0161tyria \u010fal\u0161\u00ed nezn\u00e1mi dobrovo\u013en\u00edci. 3. novembra 1918 bola \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00e1 str\u00e1\u017e posilnen\u00e1 3. sanock\u00fdm pu\u0161kov\u00fdm pr\u00e1porom. Po\u010das eskal\u00e1cie po\u013esko-ukrajinsk\u00e9ho ozbrojen\u00e9ho konfliktu o \u0161t\u00e1tnu pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165 v\u00fdchodnej Gal\u00edce z\u00edskaval\u017eelezni\u010dn\u00fd uzol v Zag\u00f3rzika\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed strategick\u00fd v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_307\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-307\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/fot.-4.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-307\" src=\"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/fot.-4-300x191.jpg\" alt=\"Za\u0142oga poci\u0105gu pancernego \u201eGromob\u00f3j\u201d w okresie wojny polsko-ukrai\u0144skiej 1918-1919 w okolicy Przemy\u015bla, fot. NN, zbiory O\u015brodka KARTA, udost\u0119pni\u0142 Wojciech Bartoszewicz.\" width=\"300\" height=\"191\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-307\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Obrnen\u00fd vlak \u201eGromocy\u201c po\u010das hliadky na \u017eelezni\u010dnom moste na rieke Os\u0142awa. Foto Zo zbierky Grzegorza Nycza<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Reakciou miestnej komunity na po\u010detn\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy spojen\u00e9 s ukrajinskou vojenskou ofenz\u00edvou bolo zriadenie V\u00fdboru obrancov Zagorsk\u00e9ho uzla. Tento v\u00fdbor, vytvoren\u00fd z iniciat\u00edvy Dr. Jana Puzdrowsk\u00e9ho, tvorili, okrem in\u00fdch: AndrzejBatruch, LeonJas\u0142owski, JanMa\u015blanik, AleksanderStroi\u0144ski,\u00a0 W\u0142adys\u0142awOzgaj a ZygmuntGrzebie\u0144. \u010coraz zlo\u017eitej\u0161ia situ\u00e1cia na po\u013esko-ukrajinskom fronte si vy\u017eadovala zapojenie mimoriadnych s\u00edl a opatren\u00ed. Po\u013esk\u00e9 pancierov\u00e9 vlaky vyrazili na pomoc \u013dvovu a Przemy\u015blu, br\u00e1nen\u00fdm mlad\u00fdmi obrancami, ktor\u00ed sa zap\u00edsali do hist\u00f3rie ako \u013dvovsk\u00e9 a Przemyslovsk\u00e9 orl\u00ed\u010dat\u00e1. Bolo ich nieko\u013eko, ale v s\u00favislosti s vojensk\u00fdmi oper\u00e1ciami vykon\u00e1van\u00fdmi v r\u00e1mci Zagorsk\u00e9ho \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00e9ho uzla sa naj\u010dastej\u0161ie spom\u00ednaj\u00fa sklady s n\u00e1zvom \u201eKoz\u00e1k&#8221; a \u201eHromobijec&#8221;. Okolnosti ich v\u00fdstavby a podrobn\u00fd priebeh slu\u017eby s\u00fa predmetom \u010dasto protichodn\u00fdch n\u00e1zorov a interpret\u00e1ci\u00ed \u00fazkej skupiny odborn\u00fdch historikov a \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00fdch nad\u0161encov. Ni\u010d to v\u0161ak nemen\u00ed na skuto\u010dnosti, \u017eespom\u00ednan\u00e9 obrnen\u00e9 vlaky zohrali k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu pri obnove po\u013eskej \u0161t\u00e1tnosti v oblasti takzvanej v\u00fdchodnej Gal\u00edcie. Pr\u00edkladom oddanosti a stato\u010dnosti pos\u00e1dok \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00fdch pancierov\u00fdch vlakov operuj\u00facich na \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00fdch tratiach zbiehaj\u00facich sa v Zag\u00f3rzi je tragick\u00fd pr\u00edbeh \u010dlena pos\u00e1dky obrnen\u00e9ho vlaku &#8222;Koz\u00e1k&#8221;, ppor. Stanislawa Sas Korczy\u0144sk\u00e9ho. V roku 1917 narukoval ako absolvent sanotsk\u00e9ho gymn\u00e1zia do rak\u00faskej arm\u00e1dy. Po absolvovan\u00ed jednoro\u010dnej vojenskej \u0161koly vo Viedni bol ako \u010derstv\u00fd delostrelec vyslan\u00fd na taliansky front, odkia\u013e sa po p\u00e1de Rak\u00fasko-Uhorska za\u010diatkom novembra 1918 vr\u00e1til do Sanoku. Tu sa hl\u00e1sil miestnemu veleniu obnovenej po\u013eskej arm\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_309\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-309\" style=\"width: 941px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/fot.-5-Pociag-pancerny-\u201eGromoboj-w-czasie-patrolu-na-moscie-kolejowym-na-rzece-Oslawie-.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-309 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/fot.-5-Pociag-pancerny-\u201eGromoboj-w-czasie-patrolu-na-moscie-kolejowym-na-rzece-Oslawie--e1631486566488.jpg\" alt=\"Poci\u0105g pancerny \u201eGromob\u00f3j\u201d w czasie patrolu na mo\u015bcie kolejowym na rzece Os\u0142awie. Fot. Ze zbior\u00f3w Grzegorza Nycza\" width=\"941\" height=\"328\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-309\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Obrnen\u00fd vlak \u201eGromolat\u201c po\u010das hliadky na \u017eelezni\u010dnom moste na rieke Os\u0142awa. Foto Zo zbierky Grzegorza Nycza<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_311\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-311\" style=\"width: 213px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/fot-6-e1631486681807.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-311\" src=\"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/fot-6-213x300.jpg\" alt=\"wyppor. Stanis\u0142aw Sas Korczy\u0144ski. Fot. Ze zbior\u00f3w Wojskowego Biura Historycznego (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe)\" width=\"213\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-311\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Druh\u00fd por. Stanis\u0142aw Sas Korczy\u0144ski. Foto Zo zbierky Vojensk\u00e9ho historick\u00e9ho<br \/>\u00faradu (\u00dastredn\u00fd vojensk\u00fd<br \/>arch\u00edv)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Po prevelen\u00ed do novovytvorenej podkarpatskej skupiny Stanislaw Sas Korczy\u0144ski, ako kanonier obrnen\u00e9ho vlaku \u201eKoz\u00e1k&#8221;, 23. novembra 1918 odi\u0161iel do regi\u00f3nu Chyrova obliehan\u00e9ho ukrajinsk\u00fdmi jednotkami. Prv\u00fd de\u0148 roku 1919 priniesol \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00e9mu delostrelcovi hodnos\u0165 podporu\u010d\u00edka. Bohu\u017eia\u013e, e\u0161te ten mesiac zomrel za okolnost\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 v liste vojensk\u00fdm org\u00e1nom zachovan\u00fdm v \u00dastrednom vojenskom arch\u00edve op\u00edsala jeho matka &#8211; Amalia Sas Korczy\u0144ska: &#8222;(&#8230;) <em>19. janu\u00e1ra 1919, po\u010das jazdy obrnen\u00fdm vlakom, &#8222;Koz\u00e1k&#8221; bol na \u017eelezni\u010dnej trati ne\u010faleko Chyrova, zranen\u00fd gran\u00e1tom (&#8230;), z vlastn\u00e9ho dela, spolu so slu\u017ebukonaj\u00facimi vojakmi<\/em>, t.j. <em>CHMUROM i \u015aL\u0104SK\u00ddM.\u201d <\/em>V\u0161etci odpo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00fa na Hlavnom cintor\u00edne v Sanoku. Boli medzi mnoh\u00fdmi, bohu\u017eia\u013e, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou bezmenn\u00fdmi po\u013esk\u00fdmi vlastencami, ktor\u00ed pri obetovan\u00ed svojich \u017eivotov pre vzkriesen\u00fa vlas\u0165 vytvorili legendu obrancov Zagorsk\u00e9ho \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00e9ho uzla z roku 1918.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_312\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-312\" style=\"width: 250px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/fot-7-.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-312\" src=\"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/fot-7--250x300.jpg\" alt=\"Krzy\u017c Obro\u0144c\u00f3w W\u0119z\u0142a Zag\u00f3rskiego, ze zbior\u00f3w Grzegorza Nycza. Fot. arch. Grzegorz Nycz\" width=\"250\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-312\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kr\u00ed\u017e obrancov kri\u017eovatky Zag\u00f3rski,<br \/>zo zbierky Grzegorza Nycza. Foto<br \/>arch. Grzegorz Nycz<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Ako spomienka na ich hrdinsk\u00e9 \u010diny sa ude\u013euj\u00fa pam\u00e4tn\u00e9 kr\u00ed\u017ee obrancov Zagorsk\u00e9ho uzla. Tieto odznaky sa vyr\u00e1baj\u00fa z bronzu v Zag\u00f3rskej parnej strojovni. Ich reverzy maj\u00fa \u010fal\u0161ie \u010d\u00edsla. Jeden z p\u00f4vodn\u00fdch kr\u00ed\u017eov tohto obdobia bol umiestnen\u00fd ako vot\u00edvna obeta vo farskom kostole Panny M\u00e1rie v Zag\u00f3rzi. T\u00e1to jedine\u010dn\u00e1 v\u00fdzdoba a n\u00e1zov jednej z ul\u00edc v Zag\u00f3rzi boli doned\u00e1vna jedin\u00fdmi prvkami verejn\u00e9ho priestoru pripom\u00ednaj\u00face p\u00f4vodn\u00fdch hrdinov povstania nez\u00e1vislosti v roku 1918. Pamiatku obrancov \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00e9ho uzla obce Zag\u00f3rz z roku 1918 spravuje s osobitnou starostlivos\u0165ou a oddanos\u0165ou miestne zdru\u017eenie DolinaKolejowa.pl.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Obrancovia horskej \u017eelezni\u010dnej kri\u017eovatky z roku 1918 &nbsp; Hist\u00f3ria dnes u\u017e bohu\u017eia\u013e v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou menom a priezviskom nezn\u00e1mych hrdinov boja za nez\u00e1vislos\u0165 Po\u013eska po rozdelen\u00ed sa za\u010dala na konci okt\u00f3bra 1918. V tom obdob\u00ed sa na \u00fazem\u00ed \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00e9ho uzla v Zag\u00f3rzi nach\u00e1dzali po\u010detn\u00e9 oddiely demobilizovan\u00fdch rak\u00fasko-uhorsk\u00fdch vojakov a rusk\u00fdch zajatcov. Aby sa zabr\u00e1nilo excesom zo strany &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/sk\/obroncy-zwk-z-1918-r-2\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Obrancovia horskej \u017eelezni\u010dnej kri\u017eovatky z roku 1918<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":8,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/142"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=142"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/142\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":292,"href":"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/142\/revisions\/292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cpkzagorz.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}